HomeMy WebLinkAbout118-86ler
TOWN OF NANTUCKET
BOARD OF APPEALS
NANTUCKET, MASSACHUSETTS 02554
o ece m ber- 3 , /9-p4
Re: Occolu tt } • Q►'X�L :I"UU i¢ K. C i-I D4 010 toa- (f
Enclosed, please find notice of a decision of the BOARD
OF APPEALS which has this day been filed with the Town
Clerk.
Any appeal from this action shall be made pursuant to
Section 17 of Chapter 40A of the General Laws, and shall
be.filed within twenty (20) days after this date.
BOARD OF APPEALS
.
"'
-. .
•" _ �. .,'d 7 r ty , . . .� .,2.•a rid— ..�. �. .. _.
BOARD OF APPEALS
TOWN OF NANTUCKET
NANTUCKET, MASSACHUSETTS 02554
DECISION:
The BOARD OF APPEALS, at a Public Hearing held on MONDAY, NOVEMBER
3, 1986 at 1:30 p.m. in the Town and County Building, Nantucket, made
the following Decision upon the Application of ALCON A. AND JULIA K.
CHADWICK (118 -86) address 34 Woodside Drive, Harvard, MA 02655:
1. Applicants seek relief by VARIANCE under Zoning Code SECTION
139 -32A from the 40,000 SF minimum lot size requirements of SECTION
139 -16A to cure any non - conformity arising when two contiguous lots were
transfered out of common ownership in 1974. The lots are respectively
at 146 and OFF POLPIS ROAD, Assessor's Parcels 44 -11 and 27 -34.2, Lot 20
of Land Court Plan 14311 -S (Cert. 5253, Prob. 5065) and Lot 32 of Land
Court Plan 14311 -X (Cert. 7703), both in the zoning district LIMITED
USE GENERAL -I.
2. Our findings are based upon the Application papers and sud-
division plan 14311 -X, testimony and representations received at our
hearing. From these, we understand that the original 1966 subdivision
by Franklin Chadwich is shown on Plan 14311 -S. Included then was Lot 22,
a way, serving to connect to the Polpis Road an L- shaped way extending
along and within the SE and NE bounds of Lot 18. For some two years after
the mid -1972 adoption of the Zoning Code, Lot 18 was unbuilt but in common
ownership with Lot 20 #(also 21) on which then owner Stewart Chadwick
had his single- family dwelling. Lot 18 with 31,800 SF area met the origi-
nal 5,000 SF minimum but not the 40,000 SF effective with 1973 zoning code
amendment. Rather than retain a sufficient portion of Lot 18 to make up
the approximate 8,200 SF deficiency, he deeded Lot 18 to Applicants
jointly with their brother and sister -in -law. Those four, by 1/23/76 ANR
subdivision (Plan 14311- X).divided Lot 18 into Lots 31 and 32, each
exceeding 1 acre and each thus meeting the 40,000 SF minimum. Any grand -
fathered status of Lot 18 was thereby relinquished.
3. As early as 1970, the law was clear that adjoining lots would
. , (118 -86) -2-
be treated as combined to meet increased zoning requirements, e.g., as
to area, if still in common ownership when the zoning requirement became
effective. Gaudet v. Building Inspector of Dracut, 358 Mass. 797 (1970).
Nonetheless, we are reminded that our local bar remainded, until, a few
years ago, of the view that a lot of record in the Registry, irrespective
of common ownership prior to zoning, remained indefinitely grandfathered.
Possibly, a confusion existed between marketability (which did continue)
and buildability as a separate lot (not so).
4. Since Lot 20 already had a ChadwiclY dwelling on it, Applicants
as inheritors of Lot 20, and their predecessors, were not previously
confronted with a question of non - conformity arising with the 1974 trans-
fer out of Lot 18 (now 31 and 32). However, Applicant Alcon A. Chadwick
as current sole owner of unbuilt Lot 32 now seeks to remove any question
of its buildability while curing by Variance the non - conformity of their
undersized Lot 20.
S. We find no basis in law or fact for considering Lot 32 unbuilda-
ble for insufficient area as a result of its 1974 transfer out of common
ownership with Lot 20. Lot 32 simply has more than adequate area. It
also has a 20 -foot wide access to Polpis Road via the L- shaped way and
Lot 22 way,ff there is any question, it concerns adequacy of frontage,
100 SF being required in this district. That issue, however, is not before
us. In any event, we are asked to grant Variance relief from the minimum
lot size requirement of 40,000 SF to cure of record any question as to area.
6. Lot 20 would normally have been treated for zoning purposes
in 1973 -1974 as merged with Lot 18 (31 and 32) to satisfy the 40,000 SF
area requirement. We are not told of any zoning freeze extending from the
1966 subdivision which would prevent this merger. However, Lot 20, while
contiguous with Lot 18 (31 and 32), may not, by definition, have been
"adjoining" or "adjacent ". The L- shaped way (a "street" by definition)
separates use of Lot 20 (also 21) from 18 (31 and 32). Our Section 139 -2
definition of a "lot" is:
-JW,_ >
(118 -86) -3-
de itionn-of
"A parcel of land ... in single ownership
and not divided by a street." (emphasis added)
We are not advised of any case law which requires a merger of lots separated
by a street. Compare Sturges v. Chilmark, 380 Mass. 246 (1980). Again,
Applicants ask confirmation by Variance that�lot is buildable despite
subminimum area. We believe the first of "Notes" to Section 139 -16A would
make it buildable with up to 7% ground cover ratio.
7. We find the requirements of Section 139 -32A for the Variance
relief requested are met in this case. The circumstances set forth above
are deemed unique within the LUG -I district, and Applicants' hardship
is manifest if Lot 32 were not buildable or Lot 20 not marketable because
viewed as unbuildable.
8. The Planning Board's recommendation was favorable. Parties in
interest, however, expressed concern that a secondary dwelling might be
built on each of Lots 20 and 32 ( and eventually 31 as well). Applicants
were unwilling voluntarily to accept a condition upon Variance relief
which would bar secondary dwellings, and we consider this Board justified
in imposing such condition. However, a secondary dweling can be constructed
only with prior Planning Board approval after public hearing. See Section
139- 7A(2)(g).
9. Accordingly, by UNANIMOUS vote, this Board GRANTS to Applicants
the requested VARIANCE for Lots 20 and 32 with respect to minimum lot
size required by Section 139 -16A.
Dated: 0eCem ber j, 1986
Nantucket, MA 02554
4n�rtwvl,t,
`r.
Andrew J. Leddy, Jr.
+�-�-
w���� --tee
William R. Sherman
Dorothy D. ollans
NOTICE
A Public Hearing of the BOARD OF APPEALS will be held on
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1986 at 1:30 p.m. in the TOWN AND COUNTY
BUILDING, FEDERAL AND BROAD STREETS, NANTUCKET, on the Application
of ALCON A. AND JULIA CHADWICK (118 -86) seeking a VARIANCE from
the 40,000 SF minimum lot size requirement of SECTION 139 -16A
to cure the non - conformity of two sub - minimum contiguous lots
which were held in common ownership from 1972 to 1974. The
premises are at 146 POLPIS ROAD, Assessor's Parcels 44 -11 and
27 -342, respectively Lot 20, Land Court Plan 14311 -S and Lot 329
Land Court Plan 14311 -X and zoned LIMITED USE GENERAL -1.
� l
�Q'LQ \�I -fib`
William R. Sherman, Chairman
BOARD OF APPEALS
-FEE $100.00 Case No. -2p
APPLICATION TO r FIE BOARD OF APPEALS
Nantucket, Massachuset;: ;
7'o the Members of the Board of Appeals:
The undersigned hereby applies for relief- from the terms of
(ZONING BY -T,AW) (BUTLDINC CODE :) on prL%)orty :`escribed below:
I.ecation of Property 146 Polpis Road, Nantucket, Massachusetts
Loz No. Lot 20, L.C. Plan 14311 -S Lot 32, L.C. Plan 14311 -X
DU trict is zoned for LUG -1
'!lyre of structure(Exist:.i.ng or Proposed) or proposed use: residential `
0�-.ner's Name Alcon A. and Julia K. Chadwick
Ow,ier's Address 34 Woodside Drive, Harvard, Massachusetts 02655
Wh:,n did you acquire this property? 1974, 1965 _
Flas application been filed at Building Department? No
Has any previous appeal been made ?�
Section of By -Law or Code from which relief is requested.-
Chapter 139 -16
Reason for asking relief:The Applicants seek relief from the minimun
lot size requirements of the zoning by -law to cure the merger of
two non - conforming, contiguous lots which were held in common
ownership from 1972 to 1974.
j Signati re-, of - nplicant
i
c
�O H . CHA,DWICK and JULIA K.
CHAQWICK byy their Attorney
f Kevin F . DhALFb
ATTACH: (1) A list of the naives and addresses of eac a utting owner
i
and owner abutting the abutters, and owners within 300 feet.
(2) A check in thca amount of $100.00 made payable to the TL %,in
of Nantucket.
(3) Four copies of the application and a map or elan showing
' the location of the property to be considered.
(4) If the applicant is other than the owner, please indicate
your authority to make this application.
DOARD' S, DECISION
Application submitted to Board TM 0 VG ---
Advertising dates
Hearing dates) _
Decision of Board _
Decision filed with the Town Clerk
TOWN OF NANTUCKET
BOARD OP APPEALS
L,_ -:.t of parties in interest in the r.,atter of the petit_on or:
'Jame A(o n L t l - - --
Address �� �,VDOL� Sicio L�r, 1TlY1r.1 ✓ f , �--- -- – —
Property Address
Z_�
I certify the foregoing is a list of persons who are owners o- 10+-S
abutting the property, owners of land abutting the abutters, o4,"ncr'.
of l,nd directly opposite the property on any street or way, an.4
owners of land within 300 feet of the property, all as they appe=ar
on the most recent applicable TAX list.
�w
Assessor
U, to -�
Town of Nantucket i
_ ........ ....... __....... ........ ........ ... .... .... .... .... .... ... ______________________________
KAYF
----...... - .... ....... ... .... ... ... --------..... ........ ........ ..... -- ....... .... -----------_- .... .... ... -..... - .... .... ... _'- .... .... --- ... ... .......
--_'_
NAATUCKET
� � .... .... ������������ ... .... ...
��?7-031 KEllY GLENORA
G[D 10 FULLING
........ .... ....... ........ ........ __....... ................ ___ .... .... ... ___ .... .... .... .... _ .... .......... ....... .... _ ..............
______
�RITH
FAIRFIELD CT 0613O /�C7 z4 /�C P/� 1���1-`
/
.. .
`
&
BILLIHG ADDRESS_____________PK[�'ER�Y_0E�C__S�iE_I;FO___
yARCEL
----------------------------------
NAH[
}VORDE�
/C�\A`JGF�
38O4
ALLSBDROUG�|
�
ASESSOR'S DATA FILE OUPDATED- 09/19/86 TUAY OL
'
-�---NAME -&-BI[[ING_ADDRESn_____________ PROPER!
/_DES�_���
-------------------------�
0O44-013-----STAHBAUGH-PHILLIP F & BE'/[FLY ` `17� Got P`S 9W
*CHANGED 111 HERRICK RD
--�--BOXFORD�--- MA 01921 iOT 7 LC PL 1O999-�
0044-027- - -NANTOC\{ET CONSERVATlON FOWD DOC �1�3 "OLFIS RD
EXEMPT
*CHANGED 118 CLIFF RD
NANTUCKET MA
.o
SUDDIVISION 111,M) OF L:IM III I!i I!TUC',! •1
Josiah S. Barrett, ryirve,or
To l Aui'u. ^.t 1;, 166
c
4 01
�J',gYnQ'-
O
1431!(
i
P/ an 11031I A
�.
3
71(78 �0• 2s• Q�Qb so
is ' E c ., p
,
,, 0 D ',. •SL . w o WAY_ /T.�. /a
yY A Y a sz. S¢ N. N `Z
°o b 247.96
14
4s
255.¢6
i_ / 4
s ss • 2-9, .s0 • c
Zo N
Ali
♦ p9 hl
qe.
2TB 1�`&
1
.
ad ra • �a' ,ra.. w
QL c
!
� �`•
o�
b �
vl
PIA 07
{
6
cord.
duDdivision of Part fif Lot F7 apd Lot 10
C V
m`I
S'.ioum on Plans 14311 and 14311
Filed with Cort. of Title No.s 3341 :nd 4557
Registry District of Nantucket County
Separate tervZxate of title mer be issued for /and
S/ 10wn Aefe was1A4 .10,12,tv, Al, P34f.AA........
Copt of aAofp/an
By the Court.
LAND REGISTRATION OMC£
j
_... .'Q.�.,4 1 , .. •,QI�,�y
i. • %1eC0adrPf.
/966
Scs. of nia plan fO tat r an inch
C. M.AnQenon,fnginrrrl6rCowt.L
�
lVG�1s,10Gi //
_ r SUBDIVISION PLAN OF LAND IN NANTUCKET f4 {//X
Shugrue do Hart Inc., Surveyors T v
O
�
January 23, 1976
D
L. C. No. 143114 8�
cs S24°J!'I / "F c.e Cerr. No. I7Jl
�'t �1 n 247.95 , 17J. 14 – f __
43,/ P `– - -- WA Y I2000 W,oe/ --ter --
.
— � h
C
� O
H
32 I
LQ
I
• 4648 +i I
I ^ �
p2l. I4
/N Jg° 20 2a..w O
q
_ ce ✓ M� h
o q
2 �
111
V
� 2
c
t
5
3
3
i 4
i�
i
Z
N 27 °00.23'W.
O
•.o ra!/ly
b
.� 41,048 31
a h
u
E'
L. C. No. /43//W
'
0 Cerl.No. 7016
K
�I
N py6.
Og
C. e.
-
ii°
�— 12 p�..w
e
h 3®
' L. C. No. 145I 10
1
C4rLNO. 4761
L.C. No. 14311W
Cert. No. 7016
Subdivision of Lot 18
^gown on Plan 14311$
riled with Cert. of Title No. 5252
_ Registry District of Nantucket County
Seodrate Certifirales of title and to issued fW land
shown hereon es l.? U.N. P.24 . . .................
.
By the Court.
Copy of�art of ptan
, n _
[A ND REGISTRATION MICE
MARCH P2 1976
Sca /e of this plan 30 feet to an inch
MARCH .22 1976 j 'T'_. .__..
_ . CO Q
R.L. Woodbury, fngineerir Court
!F r
111
V
� 2
c
t
5
3
3
i 4
i�
i
iw 40�10rr
EDWARD FOLEY VAUGHAN
KEVIN F. DALE
MELISSA D. PHILBRICK
SARA V. GREENBERG
VAUGHAN AND DALE
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
WHALER'S LANE
NANTUCKET, MASS 02554
(617) 2284455
September 24, 1986
HAND DELIVERY
Mr. William Sherman
Chairman
Nantucket Board of Appeals
Town and County Building
Nantucket, Massachusetts 02554
Re: Board of Appeals Application
Mr. and Mrs. Alcon A. Chadwick
Dear Chairman Sherman:
Enclosed herewith for filing are Board of Appeals
Application for Alcon A. Chadwick and Julia K. Chadwick, a plot
plan, and a certified list of abutters. I also enclose my check
in the sum of $100.00 made payable to the Town of Nantucket to
cover the filing fee. Please mark this application for hearing
as soon as possible. Thank you for your assistance.
Sincerely,
KFD /mvk
Enclosures
cc: Mrs. Madelyne G. Perry
Nantucket Town Clerk
Nantucket Planning Board
Mr. Elbert Ulshoeffer
Nantucket Building Inspector
Richard J. Glidden, Esquire
Michael O'Neill, Esquire
Mr. and Mrs. Alcon Chadwick
- mil✓ -1
FEE $100.00 Case No.
APPLICATION TO THF. BOARD OF APPEALS
Nantucket, Massachu et'. ;
,,, -j the Members of the Board of Appea:t.s:
The undersigned hereby applies Cor r_el.ief- from the terms of
(Z0 "1NtS BY -r,AW) (BUTLDINC CODE) on prL,,)erty escribed below:
Lecation of Property 146 Polpis Road, Nantucket, Massachusetts
Lo: rlo. Lot 20, L.C. Plan 14311 -S Lot 32, L.C. Plan 14311 -X
Di.: rict is zoned for LUG -1
'!lyre of structure (Existing or Proposed) or proposed use: residential
C) %,. nc -r' s Name Alcon A. and Julia K. Chadwick
Owier's Address 34 Woodside Drive, Harvard, Massachusetts 02655
t, ?h,n did you acquire this property? 1974, 1965
this application been filed at Building Department? No
i as any previous appeal been made ?`
Section of By -Law or Code from which relief is requested:
_ Chapter 139 -16
Reason for asking relief:The Applicants seek relief from the minimun
lot size requirements of the zoning by -law to cure the merger_ of
two non - conforming, contiguous lots which were held in common
ownership from 1972 to 1974.
j Signat:i re Qf -0plicant
i
=A CHADWICK an JULIA K.
' KevninlFK DA aFh t r Attorney
ATTACH: (1) A list of the names and addresses of each tin? owner
` and owner abutting the abutters, and owners within 300 feet.
(2) A check in tha amount of $100.00 made payable to the TLwn
of Nantucket.
(3) Four copies of the application and a map or Flan showing
' the location of the property to be considered.
(4) If the applicant is other than the owner, please indicate
your authority to make this application.
BOARD'S, DECISION
Application submitted to Board
Advertising dates
Hearing dates) _
Decision of Board
Decision filed with the Town Clerk
��
TOWN OF NANTUCKET
BOARD OF APPEALS
L__.;t of parties in interest in the matter of the petit -'on of:
'Jame A ((-° U
A dress �4 4aryi jLL HA
Property Address
ct `D 4
I certify the foregoing is a list of persons who are owners o- 101-5
abutting the property, owners of land abutting the abutters, o4r�:elS
of l,nd directly opposite the property on any street or way, anc'.
owners of land within 300 feet of the property, all as they appear
on the most recent applicable TAX list. /
Ute Assessor /
Town of Nantucket
_ .... .... .... ... .... ________
-'-- ------.... - .... - .... ----........ ........ ........ ...... '------ ... ........
---------'------'---- ----' -- --' -
NAQTUCKET
KELLi GLENORA
______________________________________________________________
FAIRFIELD CT O6«3� �8T 14 �/� P/ z/�)zt-�
`'=-----------
/ .
. , .
;SSESSO�'S DATA FILE sUPDATED- 0911"A
PARCEL N��E & BILLIHG'ADDRESS_____________PR3PER[Y_0FSC___��FO___
��������������.��������
0027-037 BORDEN -KARENKELLY POi!
*CHA, D 3804 ALLSBOROUGH DR !11 ,`
- TOCKER--- - GA 30O84 LOT 13 LC PL A! -�
00�4-007� SILLIHAN JQHH E & JEHNIFER O111 P�LP|S RD
(1/O SILLMAN JOHN CER)-OO10557 M/ /83
*CHANGED PO BOX 58 . /^cc'^ =
-POCOPSON
0�4�-008 RT[�|ARDSO� [MILlN[ p
*'HA�GED 1tO3 GREGSON S7 � . ^ `
` NC iC [ �8
27701 : P\ 1�9v9-C
DUKHAH ' �
0�44-0O9 CHADWICK FRANKLIN P & SAN��A M `�1�; P��/'I�� K}�
*[�\ANGED 140 POLPIS RD '
—
NANTUCKET MA �2534 LOT ""X.) [l
0044-012 ---TIMBl
UNIT
*CHANGED 6845
---------BOCA
0151 PD\�T� P', ]RS ELlZABETH 1.
3071
RATON F:1. WILiOW WOOD DR - - -
WT 6 LC P\ 1�999-�
'
�
. ,
ASSESSOR'S DATA FILE 4UPDATED- O9/1S/86 TOWN Oc ��.�T����E7
NAME&BILLING ADDRESS PPOPERl y DEyn MD 20 F �HF�
........ - ... ........ ...... -----.... - .... ........ ........ ........ -... ........ ... .... ....... ...... ........ ........ ................ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ -- ........ ..... ........ -- ..... ........ ... ..... ........ .... ...............
-'
0044-013-----STAMBAUGH-PHILLIP F & BEVMY r ,177 05LPTS R�
*CHANGED 111 HERRJCK RD
- BOXFORD MA 01921 LOT 7 LC PL 1O999-E
0044-027 NANTUCKET CONSERVATION M!ND IHC O1M PqLFTS Rul
EXEMPT ,
*CHANGED 118 CLIFF RD (�E�T-��O829� o^�/ 78
NANTUCKET MA �2554 iOT
•
t
!o l
X. ,
c
4 �
143115
.SIIDDIVISION PLIT OF I.'J!D II! Nr NTUC':i T
Josiah S. Barrett, - lirveyor
Au;'u. ^.t /;, 1�66
C. At — •
Vm -
N h
(h 1 t
h w •
,
Q,
Ito
*tan 14.E r r A
$
v
•^ c r• E.
r T .� I
�
4
b
71SiB
G�. ✓ 2S• Q�Q JO'
zr E
��
C-5,
o WA Y.
W A Y 252.s¢
ao Itlb i
247.96 tj
tj
9'
Sd
255.46
to
.v a S• a o• as '• w
h
/Y V tiN
f dS • 29• ro "C
t,,p
.�
I3
20
p Q
c
�•
.aa �� ' re • s
load
v
Q.
c
v.;
�
�•
v
�I
C
!3 a M
•r
O
Q,
v;
i •
plan -,
,� � i
�
t. `.od'6y
..
Subdivision of Part of Lot F7 agd Lot 10 per
S'ioum on Plans 14311 and 14311
Filed with Cert. of Title No.s 3341 :nd 4557
Registry District of Nantucket County
Seperste cer(if4fleJ of tit /e mar De issued kr land
sAOwn Aerep!
43 10 d ..(dr(tjLO�.?✓vP�!.d.Ai...._...
By the Court.
.8^.:4!t ,�?2.ffecord .
n C,
0
0
v mc,
Copy of�A of plvn �
LANO RE6/STRATlON OFFICE j
IUG. /S /966
Scv4 of fAil plan AO tat !o en Jnch
C.M.AnQana+,EnymarrfoiCorrt.L
riled with Cart, of Title No. 5252
Recistry District of Nantucket County
Separate cealkates of title may he issued for land
shown herein ash? C {.>31_F.2Q- ?-------------------
dy the Court.
MARCH _22,_ /�76'-- lerider.
rr
L -- - --
Copy of part of plan
— Rkd LAND RMISTRRAT /ON OFFICE
MARCH P2 1976
Scale of this plan 50 fat to en inch
R.L.Wepdburyr FnOeerforCourt
i
z
� T
U
j
3
4
;F9
3OADIVI3ION PLAN OF LAND IN NANTUCKET
14311X
•
O
Crr 1. Na. 70/6
Shugrue k Hart Inc., Surveyors
i
O January 23, 1976
�!r
I
4, C- N�4J //A 8 \'
t e
_S24 Co No
S Z5. 30' °
rL,C.
t -
L.C. No. 14-1 /0 C4rl.N4. 4765
74.91 .. • N 7. /2 f _
24
WAY /Z0,00
r P
p - --
WJdN
J
Subdivision of Lot 18
:shown on Plan 143113
\
I
I �
b
I 3 v
e{
o
`
32
► ry
ti
.. ... 4y a9
b
-C-8
ry �®
O
?21 14
j9 -20 Z �Wb
J/ h
r
o
O
:CB
rD
u
v
2
N 17 °0023{Y,
2.-
0
... .. J149
riled with Cart, of Title No. 5252
Recistry District of Nantucket County
Separate cealkates of title may he issued for land
shown herein ash? C {.>31_F.2Q- ?-------------------
dy the Court.
MARCH _22,_ /�76'-- lerider.
rr
L -- - --
Copy of part of plan
— Rkd LAND RMISTRRAT /ON OFFICE
MARCH P2 1976
Scale of this plan 50 fat to en inch
R.L.Wepdburyr FnOeerforCourt
i
z
� T
U
j
3
4
;F9
L.0 No /43/rw
•
O
Crr 1. Na. 70/6
i
�!r
I
��4
N A7 Jp I O.9
12
rL,C.
L.C. No. 14-1 /0 C4rl.N4. 4765
//W
6
Subdivision of Lot 18
:shown on Plan 143113
riled with Cart, of Title No. 5252
Recistry District of Nantucket County
Separate cealkates of title may he issued for land
shown herein ash? C {.>31_F.2Q- ?-------------------
dy the Court.
MARCH _22,_ /�76'-- lerider.
rr
L -- - --
Copy of part of plan
— Rkd LAND RMISTRRAT /ON OFFICE
MARCH P2 1976
Scale of this plan 50 fat to en inch
R.L.Wepdburyr FnOeerforCourt
i
z
� T
U
j
3
4