HomeMy WebLinkAboutNantucket Management Letter FY2015TOWN OF NANTUCKET, MASSACHUSETTS
MANAGEMENT LETTER
YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2015
Table of Contents
Transmittal Letter………………………………………………………………........1 - 2
Overview ........................................................................................................... .... ….3 - 4
Informational Items………………………………………………………….….……5 - 6
Findings and Comments.………………………..….………………………….……..7 – 9
Operational Reviews………………………………………………………………...10 - 11
Honorable Board of Selectmen, Audit Committee
and Town Manager
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts
16 Broad Street
Nantucket, Massachusetts 02554
We have audited the financial statements of the governmental activities, the business type
activities, the discretely presented component unit, each major fund, and the aggregate
remaining fund information of the Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts (the “Town”) as of
and for the year ended June 30, 2015, which collectively comprise the Town’s basic
financial statements and have issued our report thereon dated January 15, 2016. We
conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the
United States of America and the standards applicable to financial audits contained in
Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General of the United States.
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management of the Town is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective
internal control over financial reporting. In planning and performing our audit, we
considered the Town’s internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing
our auditing procedures for the purpose of expressing our opinions on the financial
statements, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the
Town’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we do not express an
opinion on the effectiveness of the Town’s internal control over financial reporting.
A deficiency in internal control exists when the design or operation of a control does not
allow management or employees, in the normal course of performing their assigned
functions, to prevent, or detect and correct misstatements on a timely basis. A material
weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control such that
there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the entity’s financial
statements will not be prevented, or detected and corrected on a timely basis.
Our consideration of internal control over financial reporting was for the limited purpose
described in the first paragraph of this section and was not designed to identify all
deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting that might be deficiencies,
significant deficiencies, or material weaknesses. We did not identify any deficiencies in
internal control over financial reporting that we consider to be material weaknesses, as
defined above.
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts Page 1 of 11 Management Letter
This report is intended solely for the information and use of the Board of Selectmen,
Audit Committee, Town Manager and others within the organization and is not intended
to be and should not be used by anyone other than these specified parties.
Roselli, Clark & Associates
Certified Public Accountants
Woburn, Massachusetts
January 15, 2016
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts Page 2 of 11 Management Letter
I. OVERVIEW
Fiscal year 2015 was a financially positive year for communities in Massachusetts. Many
experienced increases to their reserve balances as average balances statewide increased to
approximately 8% of general fund expenditures. In addition, unemployment rates have
been reduced to pre-recession levels; and a favorable mortgage market has bolstered
home sales which have been robust over the past 2 years. This has been especially true in
Nantucket where real estate sales for calendar year 2014 exceeded $1 billion for only the
third-time in island history and assessed valuation has exceeded $20 billion for the first
time since fiscal year 2010; currently
fourth highest in Massachusetts.
The Town ended the year with almost
$15.5 million in unassigned fund
balance; and its OPEB Trust Fund
which was established in fiscal year
2011 increased to $0.8 million.
This represents a $0.7 million increase
in unassigned fund balance from the
prior year and was primarily due to
better than expected local receipts
combined with expenditure turn-backs. This was particularly impressive given there were
moderate uses of free cash and continued excess levy capacity.
A common budgetary flexibility test used by the rating bureaus when conducting a credit
evaluation is called a reserve ratio. The ratio is calculated by adding general fund
assigned and unassigned fund balances presented in the financial statements and dividing
this by the general fund
expenditures. 15% is considered
tier-one and 8% - 15% is considered
tier-two. The Town’s ratio is 30.2%
which places the Town considerably
higher than these critical rating
metrics; and is considered very
strong.
These strong reserve levels, when
combined with the Town’s strong
management practices and excellent
demographics, directly contributed to an upgrade in the Town’s bond rating from Aa2 to
Aa1 during the fiscal year. This is one notch below the highest investment grade possible
and the Town should be proud of this achievement.
Another significant highlight for the Town was the completion of a Comprehensive
Annual Financial Report (CAFR) for the year ended June 30, 2014. In June, 2015, the
Town received notification from the Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA)
$6,000,000
$8,000,000
$10,000,000
$12,000,000
$14,000,000
$16,000,000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Unassigned Fund Balance
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
Tier One Tier two State average Nantucket
Reserve Ratio vs Metrics
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts Page 3 of 11 Management Letter
that the CAFR satisfied all the necessary reporting requirements to qualify for the
prestigious Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting. This was a
major accomplishment for the Town, especially in light of the financial reporting issues
that existed as late as 2013, when the Town was still included on the Department of
Revenue watch list. The Finance Office now includes as one of its annual financial
goals, the completion of a CAFR.
The remainder of the report is dedicated to informational items, and recommendations for
improvement in control and efficiencies in operations. We urge the Town to implement
recommendations where appropriate and cost/beneficial to do so.
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts Page 4 of 11 Management Letter
II. INFORMATIONAL ITEMS
Effect of Adoption of New Accounting Principal – Pensions
In fiscal year 2015, the Town and virtually all municipalities in the Commonwealth
adopted new pension accounting standards. The new pension accounting standards
required, for the first time, that the Town present its portion of the unfunded pension
liability owed to its current and former employees in the government-wide financial
statements. At June 30, 2015, the net pension liability for the Town was approximately
$53.7 million.
It is important to note that the new pension accounting standards do not affect the
underlying regional pension system or its funding schedule. All Massachusetts pension
systems are required by Massachusetts general law to be fully funded by June 30, 2040.
The Barnstable County Regional Retirement System, which is the pension system the
Town participates in, is currently 60.4% funded based on a December 1, 2014 actuarial
study and actual pension plan net assets as of December 31, 2014.
The new pension accounting standards will require that the Town become a more active
participant in the audit of the Barnstable County Regional Retirement System. The Town
can expect to have its retiree and employee census data tested on a rotational basis. It is
therefore important that the Town promptly provide the requested documentation to the
Barnstable County Regional Retirement System and its auditors in a timely manner so as
to not delay this annual process of it and all other employer units of the retirement system
New Accounting Principal – OPEB
The Governmental Accounting Standards Board, or GASB, has issued a new
pronouncement related to other postemployment benefits, or OPEB, that is substantially
similar to the pension standard described above. OPEB typically includes health and
welfare plans and other similar benefits provided to Town retirees exclusive of pension
benefits.
Currently, the Town reports a net OPEB obligation (about $38.7 million) in its
government-wide financial statements. However, the proposed new accounting standards
will require that the net OPEB liability (about $88.8 million), be reported in the
government-wide financial statements. Adoption of this new accounting standard is two
years away for the Town.
While this proposed accounting standard will likely materially affect the Town’s
financial position, the Commonwealth has not passed legislation requiring municipalities
to begin setting aside monies for this unfunded obligation like it has with pensions.
In order to begin to manage its OPEB obligation, the Town has established a formal
OPEB trust fund like many other Massachusetts municipalities have done; and during
fiscal year 2015 contributions increased the balance to approximately $800,000. It is
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts Page 5 of 11 Management Letter
expected that the Town will continue to fund part of its OPEB obligation annually and
increase this funding in future years. This should have a positive impact on the Town’s
credit rating once the balance begins to accumulate.
Changes to Single Audit Requirements
The Office of Management and Budget, or OMB, raised the threshold for OMB A-133
compliance audits (i.e., single audits) from $500,000 to $750,000. This new threshold is
expected to apply to the Town in fiscal year 2016. However, the Town generally exceeds
the new $750,000 threshold so it should continue to plan on having a single audit
performed for the foreseeable future.
Also included in the new audit requirements is a requirement that the Town’s internal
control structure should be in compliance with recognized internal control framework
such as the Green Book or COSO. At first pass, this requirement doesn’t seem overly
complicated. However, history has shown that seemingly harmless words similar to these
can cause an entity to expend significant time and monetary resources in order to comply.
Adopting a formal internal control framework is new to municipalities and will likely
require a good deal of evaluation, documentation, remediation and ongoing monitoring.
We recommend that the Town commence this process by taking a common sense
approach and tackle the areas in which the Town is most susceptible to an internal control
deficiency. Over a period of time, the Town should complete the formal adoption of an
internal control framework.
Municipal Data Breaches
We have alerted the Town in the past to be aware of network security. This
informational item is being reported again as a reminder to continue to be vigilant. The
past 12 months in Massachusetts have seen significant increases of breeches in local
networks, some with reported attempted thefts in the millions.
The Town takes a proactive approach to IT security. We recommend that the Town
continue to place an emphasis on IT security and continually update its IT security
appliances and software as well as its policies and procedures regarding IT security.
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts Page 6 of 11 Management Letter
III. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
A. Status of Prior Year Items
The errors regarding the filing of unemployment claims which caused a deficit
in the prior year have been resolved through a revision of the reporting and
review process in this area. Proper rates are now being used.
The internal accounting for the Health Insurance Trust has been revised to
include an employee and employer portion of activity and equity in the general
fund.
Analyzing old outstanding receivable balances that have remained on the
books for a number of years is a process that is currently ongoing. It involves
several moving parts including the Assessor’s Office, Deputy Collector,
Collector’s Office, Finance Office and possibly DOR. The Town expects to
resolve this by the close of fiscal year 2016.
Establishing more efficient procedures with respect to receivable
reconciliations at year-end is a goal for the 2016 year-end close. Although
many of the timing items identified in the prior year did not exist at the end of
fiscal year 2015; improving the overall process by the end of the fiscal year is a
goal of the Finance Office.
Improving the cash reconciliation process has been a goal for the last few
years. While the process has shown some improvement and older reconciling
items have been resolved and adjusted, the existence of new reconciling items
continues to be an issue. Like the receivable reconciliation process identified
above, improving this is by the end of fiscal year 2016 is a goal of the Finance
Office.
The Town’s overall closing process continues to be an issue. More specific
details and an expansion of the prior year comment are included under current
year findings later in this report.
The Town is reviewing stagnant capital project balances and using those for
similar type projects where legally permissible. Those needing re-
appropriation are being submitted as part of an article at Town Meeting. The
goal is to have exhausted all available stagnant funds by the close of fiscal year
2016 if possible.
The issues identified in the payroll and DPW reviews have been incorporated
into a plan with goals and timelines. Progress has been made on the less
complicated items; the other more time consuming implementations are
expected to be completed by the end of calendar year 2016.
B. Student Activities
As part of the fiscal year 2015 audit, a follow-up was conducted regarding the
status of observations made during the fiscal year 2013 audit. Many improvements
were made to the process and a stand-alone report has been issued to the School
Committee regarding the remaining findings. One of the remaining issues impacts
the Town’s Finance Department and thus is communicated in this letter. Since a
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts Page 7 of 11 Management Letter
significant portion of the Student Activity equity balances is in the custodial
possession of the Town Treasurer, and a general ledger account is maintained as an
Agency Account in the Town’s records, those balances are needed by the School
Department in order to conduct a complete reconciliation of their balances on a
monthly basis. This has not been done in either of the last two years and we
suggest this process begins immediately.
C. Closing Process
As discussed under “status of prior year comments” the closing process continues
to be a challenge for the Town.
The following are some of the issues observed when reviewing the closed balance
sheet:
1. The Self Insured Health Trust final balance did not include an accounts
payable amount for the last month of the year. This was a finding in fiscal
2013, corrected in 2014 and a finding again in 2015.
2. The required warrants payable entry made at year-end that represents a
reconciling item between the Treasurer and the General Ledger was posted
completely to the General Fund instead of spread across the multiple funds it
impacted. This caused reconciliation issues when attempting to reconcile
individual funds outside the General Fund.
3. The backup information for the journal entries made to the general ledger
accounts was not always complete and often lacked explanation and/or
supporting documentation which made the process of analyzing the entries
inefficient.
4. Split payroll at year-end was not verified through a reconciliation process,
instead complete reliance was placed on the entries generated by MUNIS.
5. Capital asset additions for outside departments, specifically Wannacomet
Water and the Airport were not completed and reconciled to the Town’s
Capital Projects in a timely manner.
6. Other more minor issues also existed that were discussed with the Finance
Office prior to our departure.
The Town is a very complicated entity with numerous enterprise funds and many
departments and components acting somewhat autonomously. This causes the
closing process to have multiple moving parts. The process needs to be planned in
advance with the use of checklists and timelines and needs to be completed well
before the audit team arrives. We suggest the Town implement such procedures, to
improve the overall closing process.
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts Page 8 of 11 Management Letter
D. Special Revenue Funds
Recently, the Department of Revenue appointed a new Director of Accounts. The
individual has significant government finance skills which were accrued in her
earlier career as a CPA in the municipal sector. One of the initial requests made by
the new Director to the auditing group was to review the status of stale special
revenue accounts. Many of these accounts become forgotten over years as
individuals in charge of them retire or posting errors occur and are never corrected.
In these instances, the new Director suggested that efforts are made to determine
the true origin and purpose of the funds and if efforts fail, to make a one-time
house cleaning entry to journalize these funds to the general fund as miscellaneous
revenue. This will make efforts at the DOR level more efficient as it would
remove the need for the field reps to review these stale accounts year after year to
no avail.
We filtered through the Town’s 200+ Special Revenue accounts and determined
about 40% of the accounts, totaling $953,240 have not had any activity in over two
years and $228,286 had no activity during fiscal year 2015. In many of the
accounts it is obvious that coding errors occurred in prior years and have gone
undetected; for example School grants that have been closed out with the State
years ago most likely had expenditures posted to the General Fund in error and are
still being carried because in years past, the Town was not reconciling grants with
the School.
We suggest the Town Finance Office review the list we have prepared and begin
analyzing those items that may be journalized, or used by a department head that
has no knowledge the funds still exist.
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts Page 9 of 11 Management Letter
IV. CASH HANDLING TESTS
As part of our risk assessment process, we reviewed certain cash handling areas in
Town to determine if register balances reconciled to tapes used at the register. This is
an area that will be conducted annually, on a surprise rotating basis, as part of the
audit.
The following areas were reviewed with the corresponding results:
Town Clerk
Our observation test of the register process at the Town Clerk office detected a
number of control issues as follows:
The Clerk has been provided with a cash register however it is not used and
instead a cash box is used.
A tally sheet is maintained by category (i.e. birth certificates, marriage
certificates, livery permits etc.) however it is not fully completed. The office staff
communicated that it gets too busy to complete the tally sheet at the time of a
transaction so best guesses are made to complete the sheet when a turnover is
created weeks later. This however compromises any possible reconciliation since
the tally sheet is adjusted to the cash on hand. Also, the guess work can’t be
accurate since many transactions are completed with cash and guessing what the
cash was two weeks later is more “hit or miss” than accurate.
We completed a live reconciliation of cash on hand to the tally sheet. Cash was
$2,160 and the tally sheet was $1,430. This variance was due to the inefficiencies
discussed above. Best efforts should be made to either use the cash register or
maintain an accurate tally sheet. Reconciliations to cash on hand should be
performed at the end of each day.
Many of the Clerk’s revenue items come with prenumbered documents. Dog
licenses, birth certificates, marriage licenses etc. However the pre-numbering is
never used as an effective reconciliation tool or control.
Revenue reconciliations have never been performed to the Town’s General
Ledger or the Treasurer’s records.
Cash is turned over about every two weeks and sometimes three weeks. This
contradicts Massachusetts General Laws and the Treasurer’s policy to turn cash
over weekly.
We suggest the Finance Office work with the Town Clerk’s Office to improve the
cash handling process currently in place.
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts Page 10 of 11 Management Letter
Landfill
Register controls were adequate; the till balance agreed to the register tape without
exception. Turnovers are timely and cash storage is now secure.
Wannacomet Water
Wannacomet does not use a register but instead uses a strong box and maintains a
rolling balance of transactions. Register controls were adequate; the box balance
agreed to the manual log without exception. Turnovers are timely and cash storage
is secure.
Town Collector
Three registers are maintained in the Town Collector’s Office. The controls were
adequate; the till balances agreed to the register tapes without exception. Turnovers
are timely and cash storage is secure.
Cafeteria
When reconciling the till balance, on first pass a discrepancy of $26 existed,
however $25 was located under the cash drawer to balance to within $1.
Additionally, the cashier noted that she sometimes leaves the cash register
unattended (locked) to stock snacks and perform other duties. Often students will
leave money on the register to pay for items when unattended thus leaving these
funds at risk. Deposits are made daily, thus turnover is timely.
Town of Nantucket, Massachusetts Page 11 of 11 Management Letter